Pervez Akbar Basis of Pediatrics: What You Need to Know and How to Download PDF
Pervez Akbar Basis of Pediatrics: A Comprehensive Guide for Medical Students
If you are a medical student looking for a reliable and up-to-date source of information on pediatric medicine, you might want to check out Pervez Akbar Basis of Pediatrics. This book is a comprehensive guide that covers all the essential topics in pediatrics in a clear and concise manner. It is written by Pervez Akbar Khan, a former professor of pediatrics at Nishtar Medical College in Multan, Pakistan. In this article, we will give you an overview of what this book is about and why it is important for your studies.
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Features of the book
Pervez Akbar Basis of Pediatrics is a book that has been updated regularly to keep up with the rapid advancement in the field of pediatric medicine. The latest edition is the 10th edition, which was published in 2011 by Nishtar Publications. The book has 668 pages and is divided into four sections:
The first section provides an introduction to the book and explains how to use it effectively.
The second section gives an overview of pediatric medicine, including its definition, scope, principles, growth and development, nutrition and feeding, immunization and prevention.
The third section covers common pediatric disorders in various systems, such as infectious diseases, respiratory diseases, gastrointestinal diseases, renal diseases, hematological diseases, endocrine diseases, neurological diseases, and cardiac diseases.
The fourth section discusses special topics in pediatrics, such as neonatology, genetics and dysmorphology, allergy and immunology, rheumatology, and oncology.
The book is written in a simple and easy-to-understand language, with clear definitions, explanations, and examples. It also includes tables, charts, diagrams, and illustrations to help you visualize the concepts and facts. Each chapter ends with a summary of the main points and a list of references for further reading. The book also has a glossary of terms and an index for quick reference.
How to use the book
Pervez Akbar Basis of Pediatrics is a book that can help you learn and revise the core topics in pediatrics in a systematic and efficient way. Here are some tips and suggestions on how to use the book:
Read the introduction section carefully to get familiar with the structure and content of the book.
Use the table of contents to find the topics that you need to study or review.
Read the chapters in order, or skip to the ones that are most relevant to your needs.
Pay attention to the headings and subheadings to get an overview of the main ideas and details.
Highlight or underline the key words and phrases that you need to remember.
Make notes or summaries of the important points in your own words.
Review the summaries at the end of each chapter to reinforce your learning.
Test your knowledge and understanding by answering the questions at the end of each chapter or by using online resources such as quizzes and flashcards.
Consult the glossary and the index if you need to look up any terms or topics.
By following these steps, you can make the most out of this book and improve your skills and confidence in pediatric medicine.
Overview of Pediatric Medicine
Pediatric medicine is a branch of medicine that deals with the health and well-being of children from birth to adolescence. It is a broad and diverse field that encompasses various aspects of physical, mental, and social development. In this section, we will give you a brief overview of what pediatric medicine is about and what are some of the principles and practices that guide it.
Definition and scope of pediatrics
Pediatrics is derived from two Greek words: paidos, meaning child, and iatrike, meaning healing. Therefore, pediatrics can be defined as the science and art of healing children. Pediatrics covers all aspects of health care for children, including prevention, diagnosis, treatment, rehabilitation, and palliation. Pediatrics also involves education, research, advocacy, and policy making for children's health issues.
Pediatrics is a vast and varied field that includes many subspecialties, such as:
Neonatology: The care of newborns and premature infants
Genetics and dysmorphology: The study of genetic disorders and congenital anomalies
Allergy and immunology: The management of allergic and immunological diseases
Rheumatology: The diagnosis and treatment of rheumatic diseases
Oncology: The care of children with cancer and hematological malignancies
Cardiology: The management of cardiac conditions
Nephrology: The management of renal disorders
Gastroenterology: The management of gastrointestinal issues
Pulmonology: The management of respiratory problems
Infectious diseases: The management of infections affecting children
Endocrinology: The management of endocrine problems
Neurology: The management of neurological issues
Hematology: The management of hematological conditions
Dermatology: The management of skin disorders
Ophthalmology: The management of eye problems
Otolaryngology: The management of ear, nose, and throat problems
Dentistry: The management of oral health issues
Surgery: The performance of surgical procedures on children
Anesthesia: The administration of anesthesia for children undergoing surgery or other procedures
Critical care: The care of critically ill or injured children
Pain management: The relief of pain for children suffering from acute or chronic conditions
Palliative care: The provision of comfort and support for children with life-limiting illnesses
Principles of pediatric practice
Pediatric practice is guided by some fundamental principles that reflect the unique needs and characteristics of children and their families. These principles include:
Child-centered and family-focused care: Pediatricians recognize that children are not just small adults, but have specific developmental, behavioral, and psychosocial needs that require individualized attention and support. Pediatricians also acknowledge that children are embedded in families and communities that influence their health and well-being. Therefore, pediatricians strive to provide care that is respectful, responsive, and collaborative with children and their families, taking into account their preferences, values, and cultural backgrounds.
Preventive and anticipatory care: Pediatricians understand that prevention is better than cure, and that early detection and intervention can prevent or minimize the impact of many health problems. Therefore, pediatricians provide preventive services such as immunizations, screening tests, health education, and counseling to promote healthy behaviors and lifestyles. Pediatricians also anticipate the potential health risks and needs of children at different stages of development and provide guidance and support to help them cope with challenges and transitions.
Continuity and coordination of care: Pediatricians appreciate that children benefit from having a consistent and long-term relationship with a primary care provider who knows them well and can coordinate their care across different settings and specialties. Therefore, pediatricians establish a medical home for each child, where they provide comprehensive and coordinated care that is accessible, family-centered, compassionate, and culturally effective. Pediatricians also communicate and collaborate with other health care providers and community partners who are involved in the child's care, such as specialists, nurses, therapists, teachers, social workers, etc.
Evidence-based and quality-driven care: Pediatricians rely on the best available scientific evidence and clinical expertise to guide their decision-making and practice. Therefore, pediatricians keep themselves updated with the latest research and guidelines in pediatrics and apply them to their patients according to their individual circumstances. Pediatricians also monitor and evaluate their own performance and outcomes and seek feedback and improvement opportunities to ensure quality and safety of care.
Advocacy and leadership for children: Pediatricians recognize that children are vulnerable and dependent on adults for their protection and well-being. Therefore, pediatricians advocate for the rights and interests of children at individual, family, community, and policy levels. Pediatricians also lead by example and mentorship to inspire other health care providers and professionals to adopt child-friendly practices and policies.
By following these principles, pediatricians can provide optimal care for children and help them achieve their full potential.
Common Pediatric Disorders
Infectious diseases
Infectious diseases are caused by microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites that invade the body and cause harm. Infectious diseases are a major cause of morbidity and mortality among children, especially in low- and middle-income countries where access to health care and preventive measures is limited. Some of the common infectious diseases affecting children are:
Colds: Colds are viral infections of the upper respiratory tract that cause symptoms such as runny nose, sneezing, coughing, sore throat, and fever. Colds are usually mild and self-limiting, but they can sometimes lead to complications such as ear infections, sinus infections, or bronchitis. Colds can be prevented by washing hands frequently, avoiding contact with sick people, and covering coughs and sneezes. Colds can be treated by drinking plenty of fluids, using saline nasal drops or sprays, and taking acetaminophen or ibuprofen for fever and pain.
Ear infections: Ear infections are bacterial or viral infections of the middle ear that cause symptoms such as ear pain, fever, irritability, and hearing loss. Ear infections are more common in children than adults because their eustachian tubes (the tubes that connect the middle ear to the throat) are shorter and narrower, making them more prone to blockage and inflammation. Ear infections can be prevented by breastfeeding, avoiding exposure to tobacco smoke, and vaccinating against pneumococcus and influenza. Ear infections can be treated by taking antibiotics (if bacterial), using pain relievers, and applying warm compresses to the ear.
Pneumonia: Pneumonia is an infection of the lungs that causes symptoms such as cough, fever, difficulty breathing, chest pain, and wheezing. Pneumonia can be caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites. Pneumonia is a serious condition that can lead to respiratory failure or death if not treated promptly. Pneumonia can be prevented by vaccinating against pneumococcus, Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib), measles, pertussis (whooping cough), and influenza. Pneumonia can be treated by taking antibiotics (if bacterial), using oxygen therapy, and managing fever and dehydration.
Diarrhoea: Diarrhoea is the passage of loose or watery stools more than three times a day. Diarrhoea can be caused by various factors such as infections, food intolerance, allergies, medications, or toxins. Diarrhoea can lead to dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, malnutrition, or death if not treated properly. Diarrhoea can be prevented by practicing good hygiene, drinking safe water, eating cooked food, and breastfeeding exclusively for the first six months of life. Diarrhoea can be treated by giving oral rehydration solution (ORS), zinc supplements, and probiotics.
anemia, and jaundice. Malaria can be fatal if not treated promptly and effectively. Malaria can be prevented by avoiding mosquito bites, using insecticide-treated bed nets, wearing protective clothing, and taking antimalarial drugs. Malaria can be treated by taking antimalarial drugs such as artemether-lumefantrine, atovaquone-proguanil, or quinine. For P. vivax and P. ovale infections, primaquine is also needed to prevent relapse.
HIV: HIV is a virus that attacks the immune system and makes it vulnerable to opportunistic infections and cancers. HIV can be transmitted from mother to child during pregnancy, delivery, or breastfeeding, or through contact with infected blood or body fluids. HIV causes symptoms such as fever, weight loss, diarrhea, oral thrush, skin rashes, and swollen lymph nodes. HIV can progress to AIDS, which is the most advanced stage of the disease. HIV can be prevented by avoiding exposure to infected blood or body fluids, using condoms during sexual intercourse, and taking antiretroviral drugs during pregnancy and breastfeeding. HIV can be treated by taking antiretroviral drugs that suppress the virus and improve the immune system.
Tuberculosis: Tuberculosis is a bacterial infection that mainly affects the lungs but can also involve other organs such as the brain, bones, or kidneys. Tuberculosis can be transmitted through inhalation of droplets from an infected person who coughs or sneezes. Tuberculosis causes symptoms such as persistent cough, fever, night sweats, weight loss, and chest pain. Tuberculosis can be fatal if not treated properly. Tuberculosis can be prevented by vaccinating children with BCG vaccine, screening and treating people who have been exposed to the infection, and improving living conditions and nutrition. Tuberculosis can be treated by taking a combination of antibiotics for at least six months.
These are some of the common infectious diseases that affect children around the world. By knowing their causes, symptoms, prevention, and treatment methods, we can help reduce their burden and save lives.
Special Topics in Pediatrics
In addition to the common pediatric disorders discussed above, there are some special topics in pediatrics that require more attention and expertise. These topics include:
and hypothermia. Neonates require specialized care and monitoring in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) where they receive interventions such as ventilation, surfactant therapy, phototherapy, blood transfusions, and parenteral nutrition. Neonatologists are pediatricians who have additional training and expertise in neonatology and work in NICUs or special care nurseries.
Genetics and dysmorphology: Genetics and dysmorphology are subspecialties of pediatrics that deal with the diagnosis and management of children with genetic disorders and congenital anomalies. Genetic disorders are caused by changes or mutations in the genes that affect the structure or function of the cells or organs. Congenital anomalies are structural or functional defects that are present at birth or develop during embryonic or fetal development. Some examples of genetic disorders and congenital anomalies are Down syndrome, cystic fibrosis, sickle cell disease, spina bifida, cleft lip and palate, and congenital heart defects. Children with genetic disorders and congenital anomalies may require genetic testing, counseling, surgery, medication, or supportive care. Geneticists and dysmorphologists are pediatricians who have additional training and expertise in genetics and dysmorphology and work in genetic clinics or multidisciplinary teams.
Allergy and immunology: Allergy and immunology are subspecialties of pediatrics that focus on the diagnosis and treatment of children with allergic and immunological diseases. Allergic diseases are caused by an abnormal immune response to harmless substances such as pollen, dust mites, animal dander, food, or drugs. Immunological diseases are caused by a defect or dysfunction of the immune system that results in increased susceptibility to infections or autoimmune reactions. Some examples of allergic and immunological diseases are eczema, food allergy, asthma, anaphylaxis, primary immunodeficiency, HIV/AIDS, and systemic lupus erythematosus. Children with allergic and immunological diseases may require allergy testing, immunotherapy, medication, or immunoglobulin replacement therapy. Allergists and immunologists are pediatricians who have additional training and expertise in allergy and immunology and work in allergy clinics or immunology centers.
such as X-rays, ultrasound, or MRI, and medication such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroids, or disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs). Rheumatologists are pediatricians who have additional training and expertise in rheumatology and work in rheumatology clinics or centers.
Oncology: Oncology is a subspecialty of pediatrics that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of children with cancer and hematological malignancies. Cancer is a group of diseases that involve abnormal cell growth and spread to other parts of the body. Hematological malignancies are cancers that affect the blood cells or the bone marrow. Some examples of cancer and hematological malignancies in children are leukemia, lymphoma, neuroblastoma, Wilms tumor, osteosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, and retinoblastoma. Children with cancer and hematological malignancies may require blood tests, biopsy, imaging studies such as CT scan or PET scan, and treatment such as surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, immunotherapy, or stem cell transplantation. Oncologists are pediatricians who have additional training and expertise in oncology and work in oncology units or centers.
These are some of the special topics in pediatrics that require more attention and expertise. By knowing their causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment methods, we can help improve the outcomes and quality of life of children affected by these conditions.
Conclusion
In this article, we have given you an overview of what Pervez Akbar Basis of Pediatrics is about and why it is important for your studies. We have also discussed some of the common pediatric disorders and special topics in pediatrics that are covered in this book. We hope that this article has helped you understand the basics of pediatric medicine and has sparked your interest in learning more about this fascinating field.
FAQs
Here are some frequently asked questions about Pervez Akbar Basis of Pediatrics and their answers:
Q: Where can I buy Pervez Akbar Basis of Pediatrics?
A: You can buy Pervez Akbar Basis of Pediatrics online from Nishtar Publications or Amazon.com. You can also find it in some bookstores or libraries.
Q: How much does Pervez Akbar Basis of Pediatrics cost?
A: The price of Pervez Akbar Basis of Pediatrics may vary depending on the seller and the edition. The 10th edition costs around $25 on Amazon.com.
Q: Is Pervez Akbar Basis of Pediatrics available in other languages?
A: Pervez Akbar Basis of Pediatrics is currently available only in English. However, there are plans to translate it into other languages such as Urdu and Arabic in the future.
Q: Is Pervez Akbar Basis of Pediatrics suitable for other health professionals besides medical students?
A: Yes, Pervez Akbar Basis of Pediatrics is suitable for anyone who wants to learn more about pediatric medicine. It can be useful for nurses, pharmacists, dentists, physiotherapists, psychologists, social workers, teachers, parents, or anyone who works with or cares for children.
Q: Is there a newer edition of Pervez Akbar Basis of Pediatrics coming out soon?
A: The 10th edition o